Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is the original oral form of tenofovir, an antiviral of the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor group. It is used for HIV, in combination and as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and for chronic hepatitis B. It is sold as Viread and in combinations such as Truvada.
Tenofovir is cleared by the kidneys, entering kidney cells through OAT1 and leaving through ABCC4 and ABCC10. Studies have looked at variants in these transporters, and at the vitamin D genes CYP24A1 and CYP27B1, for kidney and bone side effects. The findings come from a few studies, and there is no CPIC or DPWG guideline.
Every published finding on gene variants and Viread. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
ABCC10 rs9349256: Level 3. Toxicity: HIV infectious disease, Nephrotoxicity. 2.
SLC28A2 rs11854484: Level 3. Toxicity: HIV infectious disease, Nephrotoxicity. 1.
CYP24A1 rs2248359: Level 3. Toxicity: HIV infectious disease, Nephrotoxicity. 1.
CYP27B1 rs4646536: Level 3. Toxicity: HIV infectious disease, Nephrotoxicity. 1.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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