Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Stavudine (d4T) is an early nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for HIV that stops viral DNA from growing. It was widely used in low-income countries because it was cheap, but its serious side effects, nerve damage, fat loss (lipoatrophy) and lactic acidosis, led WHO to recommend phasing it out. It was sold as Zerit.
Stavudine is cleared about half unchanged by the kidneys. The few gene studies listing it looked at TNF, SAMHD1 and HLA-B for side effects such as nerve damage and fat loss. The findings come from a few studies, and there is no CPIC or DPWG guideline.
Every published finding on gene variants and Stavudine. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
TNF rs1799964: Level 3. Toxicity: HIV infectious disease. 1.
SAMHD1 rs8124728: Level 3. Toxicity: HIV infectious disease, Peripheral Nervous System Diseases. 1.
Studies of how well it worked in people carrying a variant.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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