Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Linagliptin is a DPP-4 inhibitor: it blocks the enzyme that breaks down incretins, gut hormones such as GLP-1 that tell the pancreas to release insulin after a meal. It is used for type 2 diabetes. Unlike most medicines of its group, it is cleared mainly through bile rather than the kidneys, so it is used without change in kidney disease. It is sold as Tradjenta and Trajenta.
Linagliptin is mostly excreted unchanged in bile, with little broken down by liver enzymes. Studies have looked at genes of the incretin system (DPP4, GLP1R) and diabetes genes such as KCNJ11, WFS1 and TCF7L2 for how much blood sugar fell. The findings come from single or a few studies, and there is no CPIC or DPWG guideline.
Every published finding on gene variants and Linagliptin. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
Studies of how well it worked in people carrying a variant.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
DPP-4 Inhibitors (class) (DPP-4 Inhibitors)
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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