Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Sulfonylureas are a class of diabetes medicines that close potassium channels in the insulin-making beta cells of the pancreas, making them release more insulin. The class includes gliclazide, glimepiride, glipizide and glyburide (glibenclamide). They lower blood sugar effectively but can cause low blood sugar and weight gain. This page collects studies on sulfonylureas as a group.
Most sulfonylureas are broken down by CYP2C9, and studies link reduced-function CYP2C9 versions to a stronger blood-sugar-lowering effect and more low blood sugar. Studies have also looked at KCNJ11 and ABCC8, which make the channel they close, and at TCF7L2, the strongest type 2 diabetes gene, for response. A striking case: in rare monogenic diabetes caused by KCNJ11 or ABCC8 variants, sulfonylureas can replace insulin. There is no CPIC or DPWG guideline.
Every published finding on gene variants and Sulfonylureas. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
KCNJ11 rs5219: Level 3. Efficacy: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2. 4.
KCNJ11 rs5219: Level 3. Efficacy: Diabetes Mellitus. 3.
CYP2C9 CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3: Level 3. Efficacy: Diabetes Mellitus. 2.
TCF7L2 rs7903146: Level 3. Efficacy. 2.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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