Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Propranolol is a beta blocker: it blocks the effect of adrenaline on the heart and blood vessels, which slows the heart rate and lowers blood pressure. It is used for high blood pressure, chest pain from angina, some irregular heart rhythms, after a heart attack, to prevent migraine, and for tremor and the physical symptoms of anxiety. It is sold as Inderal, among other names.
The liver breaks propranolol down mainly through the enzymes CYP2D6 and CYP1A2. Variants that change CYP2D6 activity can change how much propranolol is in the blood, which the US FDA lists as an effect on drug levels only. Other studies looked at the drug's targets, the beta-adrenergic receptors (ADRB1, ADRB2), and at how well it worked in particular groups of patients. No clinical guideline links a gene to propranolol, and the findings below come from one or a few studies each.
Clinical guidelines that name a gene for Propranolol. They sort people into groups by the gene copies they carry.
Every published finding on gene variants and Propranolol. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
COMT rs4680: Level 3. Efficacy: Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome. 2.
ADRB2 rs1042713: Level 3. Efficacy: Liver Cirrhosis. 1.
CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*10: Level 4. Other. 2.
Studies of how well it worked in people carrying a variant.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Beta Blockers (class) (Beta Blockers)
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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