Carvedilol (Coreg)

Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.

About Carvedilol

What it is

Carvedilol is a beta blocker that also blocks alpha-1 receptors, so besides slowing the heart it widens blood vessels. It is used for heart failure, for high blood pressure, and after a heart attack when the heart's pumping is weakened. It is sold as Coreg, among other names.

How genes come into it

Carvedilol is broken down by several liver enzymes, mainly CYP2D6 and CYP2C9, and by UGT enzymes. People with no working CYP2D6 copies (poor metabolizers) have higher levels of the R-form, which drives its blood-vessel-widening effect, and the US drug label notes more dizziness in them; the US FDA lists the pair. There is no CPIC or DPWG guideline. Studies have also looked at the beta-receptor genes ADRB1 and ADRB2, with weaker evidence.

Published guidelines

Clinical guidelines that name a gene for Carvedilol. They sort people into groups by the gene copies they carry.

US FDA: CYP2D6. CYP2D6 activity score 0. Data that Indicate a Potential Impact on Safety or Response.

What research found

Every published finding on gene variants and Carvedilol. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.

Rated evidence (8 rated variants)

PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*2, CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*5, CYP2D6*6, CYP2D6*10: Level 3. Metabolism/PK: Heart Diseases. 4.

ADRB2 rs1042714: Level 3. Efficacy: Heart Failure. 4.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*10: Level 3. Dosage: Heart Failure. 3.

ADRB1 rs1801252: Level 3. Efficacy. 2.

Metabolism (27 findings)

Studies of how quickly the body processes this medication.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*2, CYP2D6*10: CYP2D6 *10/*10 is associated with decreased clearance of carvedilol in healthy individuals as compared to CYP2D6 *1/*1 + *1/*2.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*4: CYP2D6 *1/*4 is associated with decreased clearance of carvedilol in people with Heart Diseases as compared to CYP2D6 *1/*1.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*5: CYP2D6 *1/*5 is associated with decreased clearance of carvedilol in people with Heart Diseases as compared to CYP2D6 *1/*1.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*10: CYP2D6 *10 is associated with decreased metabolism of carvedilol in people with Angina Pectoris as compared to CYP2D6 *1.

Response (11 findings)

Studies of how well it worked in people carrying a variant.

ADRB1 rs1801252: Allele G is associated with increased response to carvedilol in healthy individuals as compared to allele A.

ADRB1 rs1801253: Allele C is associated with increased response to carvedilol in healthy individuals as compared to allele G.

ADRB1 rs1801253: Genotypes CG + GG are associated with increased response to atenolol, carvedilol, diltiazem, metoprolol or verapamil in people with Atrial Fibrillation as compared to genotype CC.

ADRB2 rs1042714: Genotype GG is associated with increased response to carvedilol in people with Heart Failure as compared to genotypes CC + CG.

Dosing (6 findings)

Studies of how much of the drug people needed or tolerated.

ADRB1 rs1801253: Genotype GG is associated with increased dose of carvedilol in people with Heart Failure as compared to genotype CC.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*10: CYP2D6 *3/*10 + *4/*4 is associated with increased dose of carvedilol in people with Heart Failure.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6*4, CYP2D6*5, CYP2D6*6: CYP2D6 *4/*5 + *4/*6 is associated with increased dose of carvedilol in people with Heart Failure.

CYP2D6 CYP2D6 normal metabolizer genotype: CYP2D6 normal metabolizer is not associated with dose of carvedilol in people with Heart Failure.

Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.

Related Drugs

More drugs from the same category

Beta Blockers (class) (Beta Blockers)

Betapace (Beta Blockers)

Bucindolol (Beta Blockers)

Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.

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Content updated September 2026.

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