Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Budesonide is a corticosteroid that the liver clears very efficiently on first pass, so it acts mainly where it is delivered. Inhaled, it prevents asthma symptoms and COPD flare-ups (also combined with formoterol as Symbicort); as a nasal spray it treats allergic rhinitis; as gut-targeted capsules (Entocort, Uceris) it treats Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and microscopic colitis. It is sold as Pulmicort and Rhinocort, among other names.
Budesonide is broken down by CYP3A4, so strong CYP3A4 blockers can raise its levels enough to cause body-wide steroid effects. Studies on inhaled budesonide in asthma looked at GLCCI1, IL10, IL17A and genes flagged by genome-wide studies for how much lung function improved. The findings come from a few studies, and there is no CPIC or DPWG guideline.
Every published finding on gene variants and Budesonide. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
GLCCI1 rs37973: Level 3. Efficacy: Asthma. 1.
rs2392165: Level 3. Efficacy: Asthma. 1.
Studies of how well it worked in people carrying a variant.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Corticosteroids (class) (Corticosteroids)
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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