Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Amphetamine is a central nervous system stimulant: it makes nerve cells release more dopamine and noradrenaline and blocks their reuptake. It is used for ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and for narcolepsy. It is sold as Adderall (a mix of amphetamine salts), Evekeo and other names, and is closely related to lisdexamfetamine and dexamfetamine.
Amphetamine is cleared partly unchanged in the urine and partly by the liver enzyme CYP2D6. The US FDA lists CYP2D6 poor metabolizers for amphetamine products, since their exposure can be higher; there is no CPIC or DPWG guideline. A few studies have looked at dopamine-related genes such as DRD2 and SLC6A3 and at OPRM1, with weak evidence.
Clinical guidelines that name a gene for Amphetamine. They sort people into groups by the gene copies they carry.
US FDA: CYP2D6. CYP2D6 activity score 0. Data that Support Therapeutic Management Recommendations.
Every published finding on gene variants and Amphetamine. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
OPRM1 rs2281617: Level 3. Other. 1.
OPRM1 rs510769: Level 3. Efficacy. 1.
KAT2B rs9829896: Level 3. Toxicity: Substance-Related Disorders. 1.
DRD2 rs12364283: Level 3. Other. 1.
Studies of how quickly the body processes this medication.
Studies of how well it worked in people carrying a variant.
Studies of how much of the drug people needed or tolerated.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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