What you carry at this position in your DNA and what research says about it.
Gout and Kidney Stones: 8/10 evidence, 26 publications.
You're viewing every possible genotype for this variant.
None of these is your result. Use the genotype toggle to compare them, then sign up and upload your DNA to see which one is yours.
Sample genotype (not yours): C/C
Lower Gout Risk but Lower Kidney Filtration
Inheriting two copies of the C allele provides protection against gout and kidney stones by keeping uric acid levels lower. However, it is also associated with higher creatinine levels, which can indicate a lower estimated kidney filtration rate.
What this genotype means: Lower risk of gout and kidney stones; Higher serum creatinine levels; Slightly higher hemoglobin levels.
Sample genotype (not yours): C/T
Typical Risk of Gout and Kidney Stones
Carrying one copy of each allele results in typical kidney filtration markers and average uric acid levels. The risk of developing gout or kidney stones remains close to the general population average.
What this genotype means: Average risk of gout and kidney stones; Typical kidney filtration markers; Normal baseline uric acid levels.
Sample genotype (not yours): T/T
Higher Risk of Gout and Kidney Stones
This genotype is linked to elevated uric acid levels, which increases the likelihood of experiencing gout and developing kidney stones. On the positive side, it is associated with a higher estimated kidney filtration rate.
What this genotype means: Increased risk of gout flares; Higher risk of developing kidney stones; Higher estimated kidney filtration rate.
Gene function and biological role
Gene Function: The BCAS3 gene encodes a microtubule-associated protein that plays a vital role in cell migration and cellular scaffolding. It is highly expressed in renal tissues, where it helps maintain the structural integrity of the kidney tubules [1]. Genetic variations in this gene are known to influence how the kidneys filter waste products from the blood [2]. Specifically, it affects the transport and excretion of organic molecules, including creatinine and uric acid [3]. Consequently, BCAS3 is a key genetic locus linked to both systemic metabolic markers and chronic renal health [2].
Variant Impact: The rs9895661 variant is an intronic change located within the BCAS3 gene that influences its expression levels. This genetic variation alters renal filtration dynamics, shifting the balance of waste excretion in the kidneys [2]. It directly impacts the clearance rates of creatinine and uric acid, which are key biomarkers of metabolic and renal health [3]. Depending on the inherited alleles, this variant can either lower the risk of crystal-induced joint and kidney issues or optimize general filtration markers [4].
Key Insight: This variant represents a genetic trade-off where the allele that protects against painful gout and kidney stones is also linked to lower overall kidney filtration markers.
Location: BCAS3. Chromosome 17 · 17q23.2 · 61.4 Mb
Estimated prevalence by population
Global 11.4%; European 3.3%; African 22.4%; East Asian 26.6%; South Asian 15.5%; Americas 18.5%; Ashkenazi 5.9%; Finnish 3.9%; Middle Eastern 8.8%; Amish 0.8%.
Estimated CC genotype frequency.
Global 38.9%; European 29.9%; African 49.9%; East Asian 49.9%; South Asian 47.7%; Americas 49.0%; Ashkenazi 36.8%; Finnish 31.6%; Middle Eastern 41.7%; Amish 16.7%.
Estimated CT genotype frequency.
Global 49.7%; European 66.8%; African 27.7%; East Asian 23.4%; South Asian 36.8%; Americas 32.5%; Ashkenazi 57.2%; Finnish 64.6%; Middle Eastern 49.6%; Amish 82.4%.
Estimated TT genotype frequency.
Showing effects for C/C genotype
Cardiovascular & Metabolic
Gout & Uric Acid
Gout. Evidence: 8/10. Source: PMID 36777996. Lower Risk.
Uric Acid Levels. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 29403010. Lower Levels.
Blood Cell & Iron Traits
Hemoglobin Levels. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 32888493. Higher Levels.
Organ Systems
Kidney Function & Disease
Kidney Stones. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 34594039. Lower Risk.
Kidney Function. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 26831199. Lower Rate.
Showing effects for C/T genotype
Gout. Evidence: 8/10. Source: PMID 36777996. Typical Risk.
Uric Acid Levels. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 29403010. Typical Levels.
Hemoglobin Levels. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 32888493. Typical Levels.
Kidney Stones. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 34594039. Typical Risk.
Kidney Function. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 26831199. Typical Rate.
Showing effects for T/T genotype
Gout. Evidence: 8/10. Source: PMID 36777996. Increased Risk.
Uric Acid Levels. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 29403010. Higher Levels.
Hemoglobin Levels. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 32888493. Lower Levels.
Kidney Stones. Evidence: 10/10. Source: PMID 34594039. ~1.11x Increased Risk.
Kidney Function. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 26831199. Higher Rate.
What this genotype means for the people who carry it
Sample genotype: CC (Homozygous)
This genotype is characterized by a distinct physiological trade-off in renal clearance. Having two copies of the C allele is associated with lower circulating levels of uric acid [1]. This reduction in uric acid directly translates to a lower risk of developing painful inflammatory gout flares and uric acid-based kidney stones [2]. However, the same filtration dynamics lead to higher serum creatinine levels, which is a common marker for a lower estimated glomerular filtration rate [3]. Additionally, this genotype is linked to slightly higher hemoglobin and hematocrit levels [4]. While the lower risk of gout and stones is highly beneficial, the lower estimated kidney filtration rate suggests a need to pay closer attention to general kidney health markers.
Lower risk of gout and kidney stones; Higher serum creatinine levels; Slightly higher hemoglobin levels.
Sample genotype: CT (Heterozygous)
This heterozygous genotype represents the intermediate biological state for renal waste clearance. Having one C allele and one T allele balances the opposing genetic influences on kidney filtration and uric acid excretion [1]. Uric acid levels and the corresponding risks for gout and kidney stones are typical and align with standard population baselines [2]. Similarly, markers of kidney function, such as serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate, generally fall within the normal range [3]. Blood-related traits, including hemoglobin and red blood cell counts, are also unaffected by extreme genetic shifts [4]. Maintaining a balanced diet and staying well-hydrated are effective ways to support typical kidney function.
Average risk of gout and kidney stones; Typical kidney filtration markers; Normal baseline uric acid levels.
Sample genotype: TT (Homozygous)
Having two copies of the T allele significantly influences how the kidneys process metabolic waste products. This genotype is strongly associated with elevated levels of uric acid in the blood [1]. High uric acid can crystallize in the joints, leading to gout, or in the urinary tract, resulting in kidney stones [2]. Large-scale genetic studies show a clear increase in the risk of both conditions for individuals with this genotype [3]. Interestingly, this genotype is also associated with lower serum creatinine and a higher estimated glomerular filtration rate, indicating efficient filtration of certain other waste products [4]. Despite the higher filtration markers, the elevated risk of painful crystal-related disorders remains the primary health consideration.
Increased risk of gout flares; Higher risk of developing kidney stones; Higher estimated kidney filtration rate.
Variants with shared genetic architecture
rs10224210 · PRKAG2 Gene · Chr 7 · Kidney Health and Gout
rs2231142 · ABCG2 Gene · Chr 4 · Gout and Uric Acid Risk
rs4148155 · ABCG2 Gene · Chr 4 · Gout and Kidney Stones
Genetic architecture of 11 organ traits derived from abdominal MRI using deep learning.
A catalog of genetic loci associated with kidney function from analyses of a million individuals.
A cross-population atlas of genetic associations for 220 human phenotypes.
Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
Content updated August 2026.
ReadYourDNA provides educational interpretation of DNA data you already have. It is not diagnostic, not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Talk to a clinician before acting on any result.
Raw DNA Data Reports for 23andMe & AncestryDNA · About ReadYourDNA · FAQ · Methodology & Science · Pricing · Support and complaints · Legal & Contact · Health Traits · Pharmacogenomics · Carrier Status · Variant Explorer · The Human Karyotype · Privacy Policy · Terms of Service · Accessibility · Consumer Health Data Privacy · Your Privacy Choices · Editorial Standards · Your Data, Checkable · Sample Report · ReadYourDNA and Promethease compared · What is inside a 23andMe raw data file · What is inside an AncestryDNA raw data file · What a chatbot can and cannot do with your raw DNA file · Where a raw DNA file can still be uploaded in 2026
Written, maintained and operated by Martin Pechhacker, sole proprietor, Vienna, Austria. Trade register GISA 40064420. support@readyourdna.com