What you carry at this position in your DNA and what research says about it.
Puberty and Height Growth: 9/10 evidence, 23 publications.
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Sample genotype (not yours): C/C
Later Puberty and Taller Adult Height
Later pubertal onset and a slightly taller adult height are characteristic of this genetic profile. This pattern typically delays first menses in females by about two months on average.
What this genotype means: Later onset of puberty; Slightly taller adult height; Slightly stronger grip strength.
Sample genotype (not yours): C/T
Slightly Later Puberty and Taller Height
Slightly delayed pubertal timing and a modest increase in adult height are associated with this heterozygous profile. Females with this genotype experience their first menses about one month later than average.
What this genotype means: Slightly later onset of puberty; Slightly taller adult height; Typical physical strength.
Sample genotype (not yours): T/T
Typical Puberty Timing and Height
Standard developmental timing and average adult height define this baseline genetic profile. This genotype represents the typical developmental tempo for most populations.
What this genotype means: Typical onset of puberty; Typical adult height; Typical physical strength.
Gene function and biological role
Gene Function: The LIN28B gene encodes an RNA-binding protein that plays a central role in regulating developmental timing and growth [1]. It acts as a molecular gatekeeper of puberty by controlling the processing of the let-7 family of microRNAs, which govern cellular differentiation and maturation [1]. Variations in and around this gene are consistently linked to the onset of female puberty and the timing of the adolescent growth spurt. Beyond reproductive development, LIN28B influences adult body size, skeletal growth, and fat distribution.
Variant Impact: Located near the LIN28B gene on chromosome 6, rs7759938 is an intergenic genetic marker for the tempo of human growth and sexual maturation [2]. The C allele of this variant is associated with a delayed onset of puberty, particularly a later age at menarche in females [3]. Conversely, the C allele is also linked to increased childhood growth velocity and taller final adult height. These dual effects highlight how a single genetic region coordinates both the timing of physical development and final body stature [4].
Key Insight: This genetic marker acts as a molecular clock, simultaneously influencing both the timing of sexual maturation and final adult height.
Location: LIN28B. Chromosome 6 · 6q16.3 · 104.9 Mb
Estimated prevalence by population
Global 15.6%; European 10.4%; African 30.6%; East Asian 9.2%; South Asian 8.5%; Americas 8.7%; Ashkenazi 7.9%; Finnish 10.2%; Middle Eastern 13.0%; Amish 3.8%.
Estimated CC genotype frequency.
Global 44.8%; European 43.7%; African 49.4%; East Asian 42.3%; South Asian 41.2%; Americas 41.6%; Ashkenazi 40.5%; Finnish 43.5%; Middle Eastern 46.1%; Amish 31.3%.
Estimated CT genotype frequency.
Global 39.6%; European 45.9%; African 20.0%; East Asian 48.5%; South Asian 50.3%; Americas 49.7%; Ashkenazi 51.6%; Finnish 46.3%; Middle Eastern 40.9%; Amish 64.9%.
Estimated TT genotype frequency.
Showing effects for C/C genotype
Endocrine & Reproductive
Menstrual, Menopause & Ovarian Traits
Puberty Timing. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 19448620. Later (~2 months).
Hormone Levels & Endocrine Regulation
Testosterone Levels. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 32042192. Typical.
Lifestyle, Fitness & Aging
Height & Body Size
Height. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 20881960. Slightly Taller.
Muscle Strength & Power
Grip Strength. Evidence: 7/10. Source: PMID 39789286. Slightly Stronger.
Cardiovascular & Metabolic
Obesity & Body Composition
Waist Circumference. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 28448500. Slightly Larger.
Organ Systems
Vision & Eye Health
Intraocular Pressure. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 29617998. Slightly Higher.
Showing effects for C/T genotype
Puberty Timing. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 19448620. Slightly Later.
Grip Strength. Evidence: 7/10. Source: PMID 39789286. Typical.
Waist Circumference. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 28448500. Typical.
Intraocular Pressure. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 29617998. Typical.
Showing effects for T/T genotype
Puberty Timing. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 19448620. Typical.
Testosterone Levels. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 32042192. Slightly Higher.
Height. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 20881960. Typical.
What this genotype means for the people who carry it
Sample genotype: CC (Homozygous)
Later pubertal onset and a slightly taller adult height are characteristic of this genetic profile. Large-scale genetic studies show that females with this genotype experience their first menstrual period approximately two months later than those with the typical TT genotype. This delay in pubertal timing is closely coupled with a prolonged period of childhood growth, often resulting in a taller final stature [1]. Additionally, this genotype is associated with minor increases in waist circumference and grip strength. These physiological variations fall entirely within the normal, healthy range of human development. There are no direct disease risks associated with this common genetic profile.
Later onset of puberty; Slightly taller adult height; Slightly stronger grip strength.
Sample genotype: CT (Heterozygous)
Slightly delayed pubertal timing and a modest increase in adult height are associated with this heterozygous profile. On average, females with this genotype experience menarche about one month later than those with the typical TT genotype [1]. This genetic variation influences the body's developmental clock, extending the pre-pubertal growth phase slightly [2]. The resulting impact on final adult height is modest but statistically significant across large populations [3]. Other minor associations include typical waist circumference and grip strength. This genotype represents a very common and completely healthy developmental pattern.
Slightly later onset of puberty; Slightly taller adult height; Typical physical strength.
Sample genotype: TT (Homozygous)
Standard developmental timing and average adult height define this baseline genetic profile. Females with this genotype typically experience menarche at the average age for their population, without the genetic delays seen in C allele carriers [1]. The adolescent growth spurt and final stature also align with standard population averages [2]. While this genotype is linked to slightly lower waist circumference and grip strength compared to C carriers, these differences are minor. Additionally, this profile is associated with slightly higher testosterone levels in some studies [3]. Overall, this common genetic profile is associated with normal, healthy physical development. It does not carry any elevated health risks.
Typical onset of puberty; Typical adult height; Typical physical strength.
Variants with shared genetic architecture
rs314276 · LIN28B Gene · Chr 6 · Puberty Timing
rs314277 · LIN28B Gene · Chr 6 · Growth and Puberty Timing
rs11082304 · CABLES1 Gene · Chr 18 · Platelet Count and Size
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data identifies two loci influencing age at menarche.
Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height.
Using human genetics to understand the disease impacts of testosterone in men and women.
Content updated August 2026.
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