What you carry at this position in your DNA and what research says about it.
Hypertension Risk: 8/10 evidence, 22 publications.
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Sample genotype (not yours): T/T
Higher Risk of Hypertension
Carrying two copies of the T allele is associated with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure. This genotype is linked to a higher overall risk of developing hypertension and gout.
What this genotype means: Elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure; Increased risk of clinical hypertension; Higher likelihood of requiring blood pressure medication.
Sample genotype (not yours): C/C
Typical Blood Pressure and Lower Hypertension Risk
Carrying two copies of the C allele is associated with lower blood pressure. This genotype provides natural protection against developing hypertension and gout.
What this genotype means: Lower average systolic and diastolic blood pressure; Reduced risk of developing hypertension; Lower susceptibility to gout.
Sample genotype (not yours): T/C
Slightly Elevated Hypertension Risk
Carrying one copy of the T allele is associated with a mild increase in blood pressure. This intermediate genotype presents a slightly higher risk of hypertension compared to the protective genotype.
What this genotype means: Slightly elevated blood pressure levels; Moderate increase in hypertension susceptibility; Slightly higher risk of gout.
Gene function and biological role
Gene Function: The CNNM2 gene encodes a protein that plays a critical role in transporting divalent metal cations, particularly magnesium, across cell membranes [1]. Magnesium is a vital mineral that helps regulate vascular tone, endothelial function, and blood pressure [1]. This gene is located in a dense genomic region on chromosome 10 that also encompasses CYP17A1, a gene encoding a key enzyme in steroid hormone synthesis [2]. Together, variations in this genetic cluster influence adrenal steroid production, renal sodium handling, and arterial stiffness [2] [3]. Consequently, the CNNM2 and CYP17A1 locus is one of the most well-replicated regions associated with systemic blood pressure in genome-wide studies [3].
Variant Impact: The rs11191548 variant is located in the 3 prime untranslated region of the CNNM2 gene, a regulatory segment that influences gene expression levels. This genetic change is in high linkage disequilibrium with functional variants in the neighboring CYP17A1 gene, meaning they are almost always inherited together [2]. The major T allele is associated with altered expression of these local genes, leading to subtle shifts in steroid hormone pathways and mineral balance [2] [1]. These shifts ultimately increase arterial resistance and elevate systemic blood pressure [1]. Conversely, the minor C allele is associated with lower blood pressure levels and a reduced risk of developing hypertension [4].
Key Insight: This genetic variant sits in a highly active chromosomal region where magnesium transport and steroid hormone synthesis overlap to directly control how tightly your blood vessels constrict.
Location: CNNM2. Chromosome 10 · 10q24.32 · 103.1 Mb
Estimated prevalence by population
Global 82.9%; European 82.8%; African 90.8%; East Asian 52.0%; South Asian 66.7%; Americas 74.3%; Ashkenazi 86.5%; Finnish 85.7%; Middle Eastern 86.2%; Amish 96.5%.
Estimated TT genotype frequency.
Global 16.0%; European 16.4%; African 9.0%; East Asian 40.2%; South Asian 30.0%; Americas 23.8%; Ashkenazi 13.1%; Finnish 13.8%; Middle Eastern 13.3%; Amish 3.4%.
Estimated TC genotype frequency.
Global 1.1%; European 0.8%; African 0.2%; East Asian 7.8%; South Asian 3.4%; Americas 1.9%; Ashkenazi 0.5%; Finnish 0.6%; Middle Eastern 0.5%; Amish < 0.1%.
Estimated CC genotype frequency.
Showing effects for T/T genotype
Cardiovascular & Metabolic
Hypertension
Hypertension. Evidence: 8/10. Source: PMID 30487518. Increased Risk.
Systolic Blood Pressure. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 19430483. Higher.
Diastolic Blood Pressure. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 21572416. +1.16 mmHg.
Gout & Uric Acid
Gout. Evidence: 7/10. Source: PMID 39024449. Increased Risk.
Obesity & Body Composition
Body Fat Distribution. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 38538606. Typical.
Showing effects for C/C genotype
Hypertension. Evidence: 8/10. Source: PMID 30487518. Typical Risk.
Systolic Blood Pressure. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 19430483. Typical.
Diastolic Blood Pressure. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 21572416. Typical.
Gout. Evidence: 7/10. Source: PMID 39024449. Typical Risk.
Body Fat Distribution. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 38538606. Higher Fat Mass.
Showing effects for T/C genotype
Hypertension. Evidence: 8/10. Source: PMID 30487518. Slightly Increased.
Systolic Blood Pressure. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 19430483. Slightly Higher.
Diastolic Blood Pressure. Evidence: 9/10. Source: PMID 21572416. +0.58 mmHg.
Gout. Evidence: 7/10. Source: PMID 39024449. Slightly Increased.
Body Fat Distribution. Evidence: 6/10. Source: PMID 38538606. Slightly Higher.
What this genotype means for the people who carry it
Sample genotype: TT (Homozygous)
Having the T/T genotype means inheriting the major genetic variant that is consistently linked to higher blood pressure levels in large-scale global studies [1]. Research indicates that this variant influences the expression of nearby genes involved in steroid hormone metabolism and magnesium transport, which can increase arterial stiffness [2]. Individuals with this genotype show an average increase of over 1 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure compared to those with the protective C/C genotype [3]. This elevated pressure can place additional strain on the cardiovascular system over time [1]. Furthermore, this genotype is associated with a higher likelihood of requiring antihypertensive medications to manage blood pressure [4]. There is also a noted correlation with an increased risk of developing gout [4].
Elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure; Increased risk of clinical hypertension; Higher likelihood of requiring blood pressure medication.
Sample genotype: CC (Homozygous)
Having the C/C genotype means carrying two copies of the protective minor allele at this locus. Multiple genome-wide association studies have confirmed that this genetic profile is associated with the lowest average systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels [1]. By avoiding the risk-increasing T allele, this genotype helps maintain healthier vascular function and optimal mineral transport pathways [2]. The risk of developing clinical hypertension is significantly lower for individuals with this profile compared to major allele carriers [3]. Furthermore, this genotype is associated with a lower baseline risk of gout [4]. Although there is a minor association with slightly higher fat pad mass, the cardiovascular benefits of lower blood pressure remain the dominant health feature of this genotype [5].
Lower average systolic and diastolic blood pressure; Reduced risk of developing hypertension; Lower susceptibility to gout.
Sample genotype: TC (Heterozygous)
Inheriting one T allele and one C allele results in an intermediate blood pressure profile. Large multi-ancestry genetic studies show that each copy of the T allele incrementally raises both systolic and diastolic blood pressure [1]. This effect is driven by the T allele's influence on the CNNM2 and CYP17A1 gene cluster, which affects how the body regulates vascular tension and mineral balance [2]. While the single protective C allele helps mitigate some of this risk, the overall trajectory still leans toward slightly elevated arterial pressure compared to the baseline [3]. Additionally, this genotype carries a moderately increased risk of gout due to the presence of the T allele [4]. Managing lifestyle factors such as dietary sodium and potassium intake remains highly relevant for individuals with this genetic profile [5].
Slightly elevated blood pressure levels; Moderate increase in hypertension susceptibility; Slightly higher risk of gout.
Variants with shared genetic architecture
rs12413409 · CNNM2 Gene · Chr 10 · Cardiovascular Risk
rs1173771 · NPR3 Gene · Chr 5 · Blood Pressure Risk
rs1458038 · FGF5 Gene · Chr 4 · Blood Pressure
Genetic variants in novel pathways influence blood pressure and cardiovascular disease risk.
Genome-wide association study identifies eight loci associated with blood pressure.
Diversity and scale: Genetic architecture of 2068 traits in the VA Million Veteran Program.
Interethnic analyses of blood pressure loci in populations of East Asian and European descent.
New role of fat-free mass in cancer risk linked with genetic predisposition.
Content updated August 2026.
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