Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Enflurane is an older inhaled anaesthetic, used from the 1970s to bring on and keep up general anaesthesia. It has largely been replaced by isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane, partly because at high concentrations it can trigger seizure-like activity in the brain. It was sold as Ethrane.
As for all inhaled anaesthetics of this group, the important genes are RYR1 and CACNA1S, which make calcium channels in skeletal muscle. Rare variants in them cause malignant hyperthermia susceptibility: on exposure, the muscles release calcium uncontrollably, with a dangerous rise in temperature and muscle breakdown. Over 40 RYR1 variants are recognised as causative. CPIC has published a guideline on RYR1, CACNA1S and these anaesthetics.
Clinical guidelines that name a gene for Enflurane. They sort people into groups by the gene copies they carry.
Every published finding on gene variants and Enflurane. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
RYR1 rs118192172: Level 1A · replicated. Toxicity: Malignant Hyperthermia. 51.
RYR1 rs121918593: Level 1A · replicated. Toxicity: Malignant Hyperthermia. 35.
RYR1 rs121918592: Level 1A · replicated. Toxicity: Malignant Hyperthermia. 27.
RYR1 rs118192161: Level 1A · replicated. Toxicity: Malignant Hyperthermia. 26.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Forane (Inhalational Anesthetics)
Halothane (Inhalational Anesthetics)
Nitrous Oxide (Inhalational Anesthetics)
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
ReadYourDNA provides educational interpretation of DNA data you already have. It is not diagnostic, not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. Talk to a clinician before acting on any result.
Raw DNA Data Reports for 23andMe & AncestryDNA · About ReadYourDNA · FAQ · Methodology & Science · Pricing · Support and complaints · Legal & Contact · Health Traits · Pharmacogenomics · Carrier Status · Variant Explorer · The Human Karyotype · Privacy Policy · Terms of Service · Accessibility · Consumer Health Data Privacy · Your Privacy Choices · Editorial Standards · Your Data, Checkable · Sample Report · ReadYourDNA and Promethease compared · What is inside a 23andMe raw data file · What is inside an AncestryDNA raw data file · What a chatbot can and cannot do with your raw DNA file · Where a raw DNA file can still be uploaded in 2026
Written, maintained and operated by Martin Pechhacker, sole proprietor, Vienna, Austria. Trade register GISA 40064420. support@readyourdna.com