Raw research findings for this medication. Mostly single studies, not curated or confirmed robust.
Dihydrocodeine (DHC) is an opioid closely related to codeine, used for moderate pain and, in some countries, for cough and as a substitute in opioid dependence treatment. It is sold in many countries on its own or combined with paracetamol (co-dydramol), for example as DF118 and Paracodin.
Unlike codeine, dihydrocodeine has pain-relieving activity of its own, but the liver enzyme CYP2D6 also turns part of it into dihydromorphine, a stronger opioid. Studies have looked at CYP2D6 for how much dihydromorphine forms, and at OPRM1, COMT and ABCB1. CPIC's guideline on CYP2D6 and opioids did not find enough evidence for a recommendation for dihydrocodeine, and the findings here come from a few studies.
Every published finding on gene variants and Dihydrocodeine. Upload your DNA file to see which of these rows apply to you.
PharmGKB weighs all studies of a variant and rates how strong the evidence is, from 1A (strongest) to 4.
CYP2D6 CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*4: Level 3. Metabolism/PK. 1.
Studies of how quickly the body processes this medication.
Studies of how much of the drug people needed or tolerated.
Studies of side effects in people carrying a variant.
Study findings and evidence levels: PharmGKB (CC BY-SA 4.0). Guidelines: CPIC and DPWG, as bundled in PharmCAT. Most studies were done mainly in people of European ancestry.
More drugs from the same category
Not a prescribing recommendation. This page is educational information about pharmacogenomic research and clinical guidelines - it is not medical or dosing advice, and not a prediction of how any medication will work for you. Never start, stop, or change a medication or dose based on it; talk to your doctor or pharmacist, who can order clinical-grade testing if appropriate.
Content updated September 2026.
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